Wednesday, December 18, 2019

Buddhism Is Considered A Religion Or A Philosophy - 961 Words

Many people are curious as to whether buddhism is considered a religion or a philosophy but I believe that it is both. According to (https://www.google.com/#q=buddhismBuddhism) is a non-theistic religion or philosophy that encompasses a variety of traditions, beliefs and spiritual practices largely based on teachings attributed to the Buddha. Buddhism inhabits several traits that consider it a religion and a philosophy. There is not a clear distinction that defines buddhism as one or the other. Some practices of Buddhism display faith and belief which are qualities of religion and other practices display reality, existence and knowledge which are qualities of philosophy. Trying to separate religion from philosophy does not work well in the case of Buddhism. According to (https://www.google.com/#q=religion) religion is a cultural system of behaviors, practices, world views, ethics and social organization that relate humanity to an order of existence. Buddhism is considered a re ligion because it does in fact involve elements of self-transformation, faith and belief. It has a core set of beliefs that are common to almost all branches of buddhism. Buddhism clearly defines a mythology, a soteriology, and a eschatology which is what religion consists of. Much of Mahayana Buddhism is religious for example, Pure Land Buddhism has many parallels to the theistic religions. Buddhism contains an explanation of the origin of existence, a morality and a specific set orShow MoreRelatedWorld Religion s Project Of Buddhism1003 Words   |  5 PagesWorld Religion’s Project Almost 6 percent of the world s population or 350 million people follow Buddhism. Although among them are varying controversies over whether or not Buddhism is a religion or a followed pathway. Buddhism, founded in the late 6th -century B.C.E , and practices the ideas of varying traditions, spiritual practices, and all beliefs focused on the ideas of Gautama or the Buddha. Gautama valued the beliefs and teachings of The Universal Truths and Four Noble Truths and successfullyRead MoreBuddhism Is A Path Of Spiritual Development Essay1538 Words   |  7 Pagesbeen raised for years on whether two groups of people who claim to be a religion actually fall into the category of such a broad term â€Å"religion†. The term Hinduism includes a wide variety of traditions, which are closely related and share some common themes but does not form a unified set of practices and beliefs. Hinduism does not share the same organized system of beliefs within their community. On the other ha nd, Buddhism is a path of spiritual development leading to the true nature of realityRead MoreThe Birth of Religions and Philosophies in the Ancient World1185 Words   |  5 PagesThe Birth of Religions and Philosophies in the Ancient World From the beginning of time, people all over the world have wondered where we come from, what our divine purpose in life is, and what we can expect after death. Questions about right and wrong, society and government, and nature and the cosmos, are some of the few wonders that ultimately created some of the earliest philosophies and religions, helping people find peace and explanation to the vast curiosity that still troubles us in modernRead MoreChristianity And Islam : The Fundamental Nature Of Knowledge, Reality, And Existence865 Words   |  4 PagesI. Introduction Religion can be defined as the â€Å"fear or awe one feels in the presence of a spirit or god† or as the â€Å"set of beliefs having to do with the gods, through which one is taught a moral system† (Hopfe 4). Philosophy is the â€Å"study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence† (Definition of Philosophy). Sometimes religion and philosophy overlap and the border between the two becomes blurred as individuals search for meaning and fulfillment in their lives. People aroundRead MoreIs India A Country Of Ethnic Religious And Linguistic Pluralism Par Excellence?1364 Words   |  6 Pagesconcept of religion, and how did It contribute to the creation of other faiths that coexist harmoniously until today. It is essential to define the term â€Å"religion† first to be able to realize whether the meaning has shifted when we refer to south Asian beliefs. Religion derives from the Latin word â€Å"Religio† which means obligation, bond or reverence. T.N Madan noted in his essay that in Lucretius, it also mean â€Å"fear of gods†. Therefore the question becomes, are all what we refer to as â€Å"religions† in IndiaRead MoreReligion Is Not A Theory1246 Words   |  5 PagesReligion Religion is not very easy to define just as a word because it contains so much information. To my opinion, religion means a core believe shared by a group of people who has the similar background, and the background could be cultural background or educational background. Most people grow up or live in the same place have the same religious belief, but there are special cases. For example, one may finds another religion that he or she learned through education is more fit to him or her. TheRead MoreComparing The Religions Of Hinduism And Buddhism Essay1459 Words   |  6 PagesExam II #2. Compare and contrast the religions of Hinduism and Buddhism. What were the essential differences between the two? What hope did they give to the common people of India ? Both Hinduism and Buddhism are prominent religions in the ancient and modern world. They are arguably two of the most popular polytheistic faiths as well. Most people make the mistake of grouping them as one uniform religion, but this is inaccurate. Buddhism and Hinduism do split some resemblance, but several aspectsRead MoreSimilarities Between Confucianism And Confucianism893 Words   |  4 Pages For centuries, Eastern religions and philosophies of Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism Daoism have been practiced by millions. Three similarities distinguishable by all four practices is the focus and teachings of virtuous humanistic practices, compassion and respect for the world around us. Although, similar in intentions each system carries unique attributes. In 1027 BCE after the rebel tribe, Zhou overthrew the Shang dynasty a time of cultural sophistication, and philosophical achievementRead MoreBuddhism s Belief Of God1419 Words   |  6 PagesBuddhism hope to its adherents is to have a state of life in the afterlife where each individual can find his own way. They identifies their existence as god-like beings, who do not believe in an omnipotent creator God. Each individual discover and walk their own path. Nonetheless, Buddhism is not divine it just points the way to Nirvana. In the Buddhism religion they do not personally believe in God or a divine being. They do not worship, pray, or praise a divine being. Though the religion doesRead MoreHistory of the Spread of Buddhism622 Words   |  3 PagesThe Spread of Buddhism While the Western World is largely familiar with elements surrounding the spread of Christianity, these people are inclined to ignore that Buddhism came to experience a similar progression in the East. Beginning approximately five centuries before Christianity, Buddhism emerged as an ideology contrasting harsher Hindu laws and made it possible for people to understand that it was actually necessary for them to follow a Middle Path in order to achieve Enlightenment. In spite

Tuesday, December 10, 2019

Dimensions of Physical and Mental Health

Question: Discuss about theDimensions of Physical and Mental Health. Answer: Introduction Anxiety is bodys way to respond to danger, it is an alarm that goes off automatically when we feel threatened or are under pressure. Usually people have anxiety in moderation, which is not a bad thing as it helps us to stay focused and alert but if anxiety starts interfering with daily life, then the person may be suffering from anxiety disorder (Andreasen, Black, 2006). Depression and anxiety are the two most common health issues in our society. As we can learn from the case study about Georgia who is a 22 year old university student, she is feeling stressed these days. She is unable to concentrate in her studies and gets panic attacks before her assessments. She lives on her own in a small flat and has trouble sleeping. She has stopped going out with her friends and spends her time worrying and being anxious. Feeling anxious and depressed at times are normal reactions to stressors in life. But experiencing these feelings on a regular basis like Georgia is pointing towards an anxie ty disorder and depression (Bandelow Michaelis, 2015). It is normal to feel anxious when you are facing a problem at work, while taking an important decision, and while appearing for tests. But for a person who suffers from anxiety disorder, this anxiety does not go away with the stressor that has caused it. Anxiety disorders are feelings of fear and anxiety. It is the worry and fear about current and future events that interferes with the normal living of the person suffering from it. These feelings also cause physically visible symptoms such as faster heart rate, shakiness and shortness of breath. Georgia is experiencing all of these symptoms. Her anxiety has started interfering with her daily life and with her social life. Another crucial piece of information that we get from the case study is that her mother suffers from anxiety as well and Georgia fears she would end up like her mother as anxious and confused. In this essay we would learn about anxiety disorders and how to dea l with them. Self strategies and effective treatments help to understand and treat these disorders enabling people affected by them, to lead a normal life.( Lenze , Wetherell, 2011) A mental disorder is a significant psychological or behavioral pattern or syndrome that is associated with disability or distress in an individual. It was referred to disorders that cause dysregulation of thought, mood or behavior (Andreasen, Black, 2006). Some researchers have also explained it as a significant clinical disturbance in an individuals emotional regulation, developmental processes, behavior or cognition. These disorders can increase risk of disability, death and loss of freedom. It is important that we are able to distinguish between a mental disorder and a common response to a stressor. ( Alvaro, Roberts, Harris, Bruni, 2016) Like in situations of loss of a loved one feeling sad and distant is not a mental disorder. Same goes for conflicts and socially deviant behavior in case of religious, sexual and political conflicts unless the conflicts are a result of being caused by a dysfunctional person (Hales, Yudofsky, 2003). Modern society is a fearful, isolated and uniq ue place. As millions all over the world are suffering from some type of mental illness. ( Lenze Wetherell, 2011) The most pervasive among these disorders are the mood disorders that include depression and anxiety. In our case study Georgia is suffering from anxiety disorder. Anxiety disorders have become the biggest mental health problems in the world. Many people visit emergency rooms thinking that they are dying from a heart attack when they are experiencing panic attacks and breathing issues due to anxiety. They complain of paranoia, chest pains, unexplained fear, rapid heartbeat, sense of panic and severe headaches. Anxiety disorders are of three types. These are generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder and social anxiety disorder. Generalized anxiety disorder or GAD is one where the individual worries and fear for events that are occurring at present and may occur in future. This is what Georgia is experiencing. This unrealistic and excessive worry is caused by no apparent reason at all. These individuals anticipate disaster and become concerned about these issues. ( Hales, Yudofsky, 2003). Georgia gets panicky and worried about her exams and fears that she will fail them. GAD is diagnosed in those individuals that are unable to control their worry and have symptoms like feeling restless, fatigued, difficulty concentrating, sleep disturbance and irritability (Alvaro, Roberts, Harris, Bruni, 2016). From the case study we can know that Georgia is facing all these symptoms. She has difficulty in concentrating in her study and becomes overwhelmed by the workload. She worries and panics before her exams. Due to her feelings of anxiousness and tensions she is facing difficulty in sleeping. She is also feeling tired and is unable to go out on her usual walks in the evening (Jackson, MacLeod ,2016). Individuals suffering from GAD do not know how to stop their worry cycle even when they can feel that they are getting too tensed. The cause of generalized anxiety disorder is still not known but family background, particular stressful life experiences and biological factors are to be blamed. The case study also mentions that Georgias mother suffers from anxiety disorder and it has been found that individuals who have the genes, are at 37% higher risk than other individuals. Therefore Georgias fear that she may end up being anxious and fearful like her mother is not invalid (Knoll, Halladay, Holmes, Levitt, 2016). Georgia lives all alone in a small flat. She needs friends and family around her. A person suffering from anxiety disorders needs the care and support of his friends and family (Mather, Blom, Bergstrm, Svedberg, 2016). It is important that people around her learn about the disorder and encourages her to seek treatment. They have to motivate the individual and show positive reinforcement. In the case study we come to know that Georgia has distanced herself from everyone but still talks to her mom most days. It is important that her mom recognizes the symptoms that Georgia is going through and encourages her to spend time with her friends and family. Georgia needs people around her and she needs to take part in activities that can help her to create memories that are happy and exciting. In the case of Georgia her mother suffers from anxiety disorder and she is experiencing the same symptoms. Scientists believe that anxiety is a behavior that is learned as when a parent is always anxio us the child mirrors that behavior. The link between genes and anxiety has been proved by studies in the field of neurobiology and genetics. It has been proven that cause of anxiety is a combination of environmental and genetic factors. As about a dozen family studies prove that there is a 3-5 fold increased risk to relatives of people suffering from anxiety disorders. While no one can predict or determine that who may have these disorders, councilors and psychiatrists agree that contemporary society does play an important role. Now lets concentrate on the environmental part of anxiety causing factors. Environmental factors such as stress at school, work, and trauma all affect a person deeply. In Georgias case the stress of her exams gets to her. She is always worried that will fail and is not confident that she has studies well. From the case study it is not quite evident that whether she is facing any kind of trauma or stress at school but she does feels anxious and tense about her assignments. This unwanted and constant worry is giving rise to symptoms such as feeling restless, fatigued, difficulty concentrating, sleep disturbance and irritability. Georgia is still not realizing that she is facing a troubling condition that will not go on its own. In order to provide a better quality of life she has to accept and understand the symptoms. Isolation and loneliness set the stage for these disorders (Etkin, Prater, Schatzberg, Menon, Greicius, 2009). The first step of anxiety recovery is the identification of the symptoms and understanding how to overcome them. Self help and acceptance plays a vital role as a person should accept the fact that he or she is dealing with anxiety and accepts it as the part of recovery. The second step is to take the help of medical professionals to deal with your anxiety. There are numerous therapies and medications that are given to treat these disorders. Antidepressants, anxiety reducing drugs and low dose antipsychotics are prescribed. Therapies like psychotherapies or talk therapy has been found to be quite helpful (Dunlop, Davis, 2008). Psychotherapy includes cognitive behavior therapy that teaches an individual to think, behave and react differently to fearful situations and anxiety causing situations. (Barlow, Bullis, Comer, Ametaj, 2013). These therapies help the individual to fac e their fears by engaging in activities. These therapies have relaxation imagery and exercises to help calm down the person. A person has to decrease the vulnerability by reaching out and socializing with others. Spending time with others is a tool for commitment and confidence. The person should meet his or her friends, join a support group. Georgia is not helping herself as recently she has even stopped going out with her friends like she used to. Exercise and enough sleep also plays an important part in calming our brains as lack of sleep gives birth to anxious feelings and thoughts. While these self help therapies and strategies can be effective it is important that we seek professional help. There is a fundamental link between physical and mental health. According to researchers in Bangor University of Wales a peaceful and resting mind is helpful in doing stenos physical activity. The social determinants of health impact both mental health and physical conditions (Tamashiro, 2015). Nutritious food, physical activity, adequate income and social support play an important role in ensuring that a person i s physically and mentally sound (Nagalski, Kozinski, Wisniewska, 2016). Whichever way we look the link between mental and physical health is incontrovertible as each one affects the other. Poor physical health can be responsible for poor mental health and the other way around. (Jackson, MacLeod , 2016) Implications for Practice as a Health Professional Healths professional that are dealing with people suffering from anxiety disorders should know how to accurately diagnose an anxiety disorder. The greatest challenge in treating these disorders is finding the right beginning for the treatment. This can be done by learning to recognize the symptoms of these disorders. As a trained professional we should help the person suffering from the disorder to seek out the therapy that will help them recover. We have to discuss the various available treatment options with the patients and explain each of them with their duration and potential results. As anxiety disorders can affect in people of any ages and sex using an integrated approach which incorporates lifestyle changes, integrative therapies, mainstream interventions and healing practices can help us to provide a holistic model to treat these disorders ( Klitzing, White, Otto, Fuchs, Egger, Klein, 2014), (McLean, Asnaani, Litz, Hofmann, 2011). (Kessler, Aguilar-Gaxiola, Alonso, Chatter ji, Lee, Ormel, Ustn, Wang, 2009). Conclusion Despite the huge evidence of research associated with anxiety our ability to predict about this disorder is limited. Although understanding of risk factors such as genetics and environmental factors can point out the vulnerability factors developing in individuals. Anxiety is a condition that does not go away on its own. This condition can be debilitating or mild but these symptoms should never be ignored. It is crucial that individuals suffering from anxiety disorders get themselves evaluated from a doctor. The most important requirement for a person is to recognize the symptoms of anxiety disorder. Through this essay we came to know about anxiety disorders and how people like Georgia are suffering from these disorders. Therefore we must remember that health is a state of complete social, mental, and physical state and not only the absence of disease or illness. References Alvaro, PK., Roberts, RM., Harris, JK., Bruni, O., 2016, The direction of the relationship between symptoms of insomnia and psychiatric disorders in adolescents, J Affect Disord, 207, 167-174 Andreasen, NC., Black, DW., 2006, Introductory Textbook of Psychiatry (4th ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc. Bandelow B, Michaelis S, 2015, Epidemiology of anxiety disorders in the 21st century, Dialogues Clin Neurosci, 17(3), 327-35 Barlow, DH., Bullis, JR., Comer, JS., Ametaj, AA., 2013, Evidence-based psychological treatments: an update and a way forward,Annu Rev Clin Psycho, 9, 1-27 Dunlop, BW., Davis, PG .,2008,"Combination treatment with benzodiazepines and SSRIs for comorbid anxiety and depression: a review",Prim Care Companion J Clin Psychiatry, 10(3): 222228. Lenze E J., Wetherell J L., 2011, A lifespan view ofanxiety disorders, Dialogues Clin Neurosci, 13(4), 381399 Etkin, A., Prater, KE., Schatzberg, AF., Menon, V., Greicius, MD .,2009, "Disrupted amygdalar subregion functional connectivity and evidence of a compensatory network in generalized anxiety disorder",Arch Gen Psychiatry,66(12), 13611372 Hales, R.E., Yudofsky, S.C. , 2003,The American psychiatry publishing textbook of clinical psychiatry.Washington, DC: American Psychiatric. Jackson, H., MacLeod , AK., 2016, Well-being in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Relationship to Symptoms and Psychological Distress,Clin Psychol Psychother, 1, 187-201 Johnson, SU., Hoffart, A., 2016. Metacognitive Therapy for Comorbid Anxiety Disorders: A Case Study..Front Psychol., 7, 1515 Kessler, RC., Aguilar-Gaxiola, S., Alonso, J., Chatterji, S., Lee, S., Ormel, J., Ustn, TB., Wang, PS., 2009, The global burden of mental disorders: an update from the WHO World Mental Health (WMH) surveys,Epidemiol Psichiatr Soc;18(1),2333 Klitzing, K von., White, LO., Otto, Y., Fuchs, S., Egger, HL., Klein, AM., 2014, Depressive comorbidity in preschool anxiety disorder, J Child Psychol Psychiatr; 55: 110716. Knoll, AT , Halladay, LR., Holmes, AJ., Levitt, P., 2016, Quantitative Trait Loci and a Novel Genetic Candidate for Fear Learning, J Neurosci, 36(23), 6258-68 Mather, L., Blom, V.,Bergstrm, G., Svedberg, P., 2016, An Underlying Common Factor, Influenced by Genetics and Unique Environment, Explains the Covariation Between Major Depressive Disorder, Generalized Anxiety Disorder, and Burnout: A Swedish Twin Study,Twin Res Hum Genet., 13, 1-9 McLean, CP., Asnaani, A., Litz, BT., Hofmann, SG., 2011, Gender differences in anxiety disorders: Prevalence, course of illness, comorbidity and burden of illness,J Psychiatr Res; Mar23 Nagalski, A., Kozinski, K., Wisniewska, MB., 2016, Metabolic pathways in the periphery and brain: Contribution to mental disorders?,Int J Biochem Cell Bio, 80, 19-30 Tamashiro, KL., 2015, Developmental and environmental influences on physiology and behavior--2014 Alan N. Epstein Research Award, Physiol Behav, 152(Pt B), 508-15

Tuesday, December 3, 2019

Risks in an Organization and Ability to Manage Them

Introduction In every organisation, there are some key management decisions about management, which play a pivotal role in determining the performance of an organization. Managers have the ability to control these variables in their attempt to optimize on various things which affects an organization. One of these practices is the risk management. In every business, the managers often find themselves faced with a wide range of risks. The success of an organization is determined by its ability to manage these risks.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Risks in an Organization and Ability to Manage Them specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Discussion Poor risk management can lead to a complete death of an organization (Ferreira, not dated). The long term performance of an organization is significantly determined by the company’s ability to detect and act upon any threatening risk. Risks can come from different angles . They can come from within an organization (internal risks) as well as outside an organization (external risks) (Sekhar, 2005). In the current business world, risk management has become more important than ever. The market has become highly competitive and, therefore, it requires every organization to have the ability to detect the exposure to risks as well as the best methods to solve particular problems. Ability to manage risks has a significant impact on the competitive advantage. In many cases, an organization may be forced to take a risk as a way of advancing its efforts to realize its goals or visions. In other words, leaders in an organization may take steps of which they are not sure of their possible consequences. In such cases, an organization takes a risk. The action taken may help an organization in realizing profits and it may also dip it into losses (Ferreira, not dated). It, therefore, needs risk management skills to anticipate and prepare for such risks. In business , there are different types of risks. One of the main types of risk in business is venturing into a new market. In order to expand its market network, an organization needs to invest extra amount of money. However, this poses a risk because the new market may fail. The managers are not sure that their product will succeed in the new market. Another type of risk is financial risk. In some cases, an organization may be forced to take a loan in order to invest in a certain field. Such sources of capital carry risks because the organization must pay with interests. The risk rises from the fact that an organization is not always sure whether the new venture will end up to profits or losses. However, the risk managers should make the necessary assessment in the new market in order to minimize the impacts of risks. The process of risk management plays a pivotal role in overall performance of an organization. One of the most important steps in risk management is identification of the proble m. This directs the risk managers on how to handle a certain problem. According to Bunyan (2006), it is necessary to consider whether a certain solution will solve the problem partially or completely. In order to have a successful risk management process, it is necessary to allocate adequate funding to the risk management program.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Conclusion In conclusion, this discussion has clearly shown that risk management is an important practice in every organization. Risk management prepares an organization in early risk detection which reduces the impact of such risks to an organization. Risks can be very dangerous to the overall performance of an organization if not properly handled. It is, therefore, advisable for every organization to take the necessary measures in order to improve their risk management processes. The risk managers are obliged with the responsibilities of detecting risks early enough and then acting accordingly to compress these risks. Reference List Bunyan, N. (2006). Managing Risk and Business Security. Retrieved from https://www.ca.com/us.html Ferreira, G. (n.d.). Best practices for Risk Management. Web. Sekhar, (2005). Management Control Systems: Text and Cases. New Delhi: Tata McGraw-Hill Education. This essay on Risks in an Organization and Ability to Manage Them was written and submitted by user Julissa C. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.