Who Invented Marshmallows

The marshmallow candy originated in ancient Egypt. In its beginning, it started out as a honey candy that was flavored and thickened with Marsh-Mallow plant sap. Herbal Properties of the Marsh-Mallow Plant The Marsh-Mallow plant was harvested from salt marshes and on banks near large bodies of water. According to  the book Viable Herbal Solutions:   Nineteenth century doctors extracted juice from the marsh mallow plants roots and cooked it with egg whites and sugar, then whipped the mixture into a foamy meringue that later hardened, creating a medicinal candy used to soothe childrens sore throats. Eventually, advanced manufacturing processes and improved texturing agents eliminated the need for the gooey root juice altogether. Unfortunately, that eliminated the confections healing properties as a cough suppressant, immune system booster and wound healer. Making Marshmallow Candy Until the mid-1800s, marshmallow candy was made using the sap of the Marsh-Mallow plant. Today, gelatin replaces the sap in the modern recipes. Todays marshmallows are a mixture of corn syrup or sugar, gelatin, gum arabic and flavoring. The candy makers needed to find a new, faster way of making marshmallows. As a result, the starch mogul system was developed in the late 1800s. Rather than making marshmallows by hand, the new system let candy makers create marshmallows in molds made of modified cornstarch, similar to how jelly beans, gummies, and candy corn are made today. At about the same time, mallow root was replaced by gelatin, allowing marshmallows to stay in their stable form. In 1948, Alex Doumak, a marshmallow manufacturer, began experimenting with different methods of marshmallow making. Doumak was looking for ways to speed up production and discovered the extrusion process, which revolutionized marshmallow production. Now, marshmallows can be made by piping the fluffy mixture through long tubes and cutting its tubular shape into equal pieces. The Peeps Marshmellow Candies In 1953, the Just Born candy company bought the Rodda Candy Company. Rodda produced a handmade candy marshmallow chick and Bob Born of Just Born loved the way the marshmallow chick looked. A year later in 1954, Bob Born had a machine made that would mass-produce marshmallow chicks, which he trademarked Peeps. Just Born soon became the largest marshmallow candy manufacturer in the world. In the 1960s, Just Born started manufacturing seasonally-shaped Marshmallow Peeps. In the early 1980s, Just Born released the Marshmallow Peeps Bunny. Until 1995, Marshmallow Peeps were only produced in pink, white and yellow colors. In 1995, lavender colored Peeps were introduced.  And in 1998, blue Peeps were introduced for Easter. In 1999, vanilla flavored Peeps were produced and a year later, a strawberry flavor was added. In 2002, a chocolate Peep was introduced. Today, Just Born  produces more than one billion individual Peeps per year. In a year, more than 700 million Marshmallow Peeps and Bunnies are consumed by men, women, and children throughout the United States. Strange things people like to do with Marshmallow Peeps include eating them stale, microwaving, freezing and roasting them as well as use them as a pizza topping. Marshmallow Peeps and Bunnies come in five colors. Marshmallows have also become a versatile ingredient in other confections. For instance, theyve  been put to use as a marshmallow fudge named for Mamie Eisenhower, which is alternatively called Never-Fail Fudge. Theyre also used in a sandwich fit for a king called the Fluffernutter. According to the book The History of Fluff: In the early 1900s, Archibald Query of Somerville made the first Fluff in his kitchen and sold it door to door. However, Query was not successful due to sugar shortages at the time. He sold the secret Fluff formula to two enterprising confectioners, H. Allen Durkee and Fred L. Mower, for $500. These two renamed their product Toot Sweet Marshmallow Fluff and in 1920 made their first sale of three gallons of Fluff to a vacation lodge in  New Hampshire. The price was a dollar a gallon.

Marilyn Monroe and Mental Illness Essay - 864 Words

Marilyn Monroe and Mental Illness By: Whitworth PSY 410 May 20, 2012 Marilyn Monroe and Mental Illness Marilyn Monroe, her given name Norma Jeane Mortenson, was born on June 1, 1926. The name Norma Jeane Mortenson was baptized as Norma Jeane Baker (Bio True Story, 2012). When Marilyn was born, during the 1920’s, single parenting was not regarded highly. Marilyn’s mother, Gladys Mortenson, named Marilyn after Norma Tallmadge, famous actor during the mid- 1920’s. Marilyn was born with no father figure in which to influence her life. Marilyn’s birth certificate lists Edward Mortenson as the father, of which he was Gladys’ second husband, biographers have since agreed that Norma Jeane’s father was actually Stanley Gifford. Gifford†¦show more content†¦During Norma Jeane’s childhood she was known to have fantasized that she was the daughter of Clark Gabel, she had often told school mates that her father was a famous Hollywood actor (Doll, 1998-2012). It is known that Norma Jeane never did formally meet the man whom she thought was h er biological father, Gifford (Doll, 1998-2012). Doll (1998-2012), When she was a teenager, she tried to speak with him by telephone. She identified herself as Norma Jeane, Gladyss daughter, but the party on the other end of the line simply hung up.† (Para. 7). It is easy to underestimate the significance of the stories surrounding Norma Jeane’s early life, yet it appears that she felt a profound sadness at never having known her father. This alone left an emotional scare. The conflicting stories the fantasies about who her father was, is a mere representation of her attempts to put her early life into presepective, in spite of a dim past (Doll, 1998-2012). Unfortunately these attempts were not enough to for the actress, it is noted that shortly before her death, Norma Jeane filled out an official document, witnessed by her personal secretary, where the father is listed as â€Å"unknown† (Doll, 1998-2012). Family History of Mental Illness Norma Jeane’s mother had a documented history of mental illness. Both of her parents, Otis and Delia Monroe were found to have lived out their later years in mental institutions, Norma Jeane’s uncle, Marion Monroe, was alsoShow MoreRelatedEssay on Journey Into the Mind of Marilyn Monroe844 Words   |  4 PagesWatching Marilyn Monroe as she moves across the large silver screen with her signature sensual grace in the 1961 film The Misfits, it is hard to believe that by this point in her career, she had lost virtually all sway over her impulsivity. Her day to day existence had become a series of endless crises that grew more frantic and destructive. She was in a desperate and losing struggle within herself. In retrospect, the wrenching dilemmas she faced off the set gave her portrayal of Roslyn a surrealRead MoreEssay on Marilyn Monroe and Borderline Personality Disorder1835 Words   |  8 PagesMarilyn Monroe is a well-known legend a nd has been a public figure for several decades. Monroe was a distinguished model, actress, and singer, who quickly became known as a major sex symbol. Monroe starred in a large number of successful motion pictures during the late 1940s and early 1960s. She began her career as a model, which led to a film contract in 1946. Throughout her career, Monroes films grossed more than $200 million (Marilyn Monroe Biography, 2013). Marilyn Monroe swiftly became moreRead MoreMarilyn Monroe s Fight Against Mental Disorder1468 Words   |  6 PagesMarilyn Monroe’s Fight Against a Mental Disorder One of the most famous and iconic women in history, known by the name of Marilyn Monroe, lived a life of a star in the views of thousands of fans. From her beauty to her beautiful, bubbly personality, and the fame she acquired through movies and photographs might be the world to many, but for Marilyn it was worthless. Her exterior expressed happiness and pure bliss in front of the cameras, but nobody seem to pay attention to what was going on in herRead MoreA Case Study And Treatment Plan For Marilyn Monroe Essay4865 Words   |  20 Pages A Case Study and Treatment Plan for Marilyn Monroe: Borderline Personality Disorder Anita Daswani deMena Hodges University June 12, 2015 Abstract There are many factors which may have had an effect on Marilyn Monroe’s psychological state. I will attempt to prove in my case study and treatment plan, that if Marilyn Monroe had lived in the time period we live in today she would have been better able to be overcome her struggle with mental illness. If treated for Borderline PersonalityRead MoreMarilyn Monroe s Life And Accomplishments1034 Words   |  5 Pageseven beautiful but because I had never belonged to anything or anyone else.† Marilyn knew what her life was when she gave up her life for her career. Following this will be the real life of Marilyn Monroe, what she went through in her childhood and her professional life, her career, her affair, her death, and her legacy. Marilyn Monroe (born Norma Jeane Mortenson) was born in Los Angeles, California on June 1st, 1926. Marilyn faced a difficult childhood; she spent most of her time in an orphanage. Marilyn’sRead MoreMarilyn Monroe Essay1555 Words   |  7 Pagesrecognized faces in the world. Over forty years after her death, Marilyn Monroe‘s life and death is still in question. Her trademark platinum hair and beauty mark, her famous skirt-blowing scene, which eventually she became ashamed of because no one could see the woman who was intellectual had feelings and worked hard behind the glitter, the gold and the smiles. Everyone knew this Marilyn Monroe, but did anybody know Norma Jeane Baker? Marilyn Monroe was a Hollywood icon, maybe even a legend, but who was thisRead MoreThe Effects of Media on Womens Self Esteem Essay1198 Words   |  5 Pagessurrounding young women, it is no surprise that they strive for these body types. This can cause serious problems like body dysmorphic disord er, which leads to eating disorders such as bulimia and anorexia. Body dysmorphic disorder is a chronic mental illness in which the sufferer cannot stop thinking about a flaw in their appearance, whether miniscule or imagined. Body dysmorphic disorder has sometimes been called â€Å"imagined ugliness.† Symptoms of this disorder are preoccupation with appearance,Read MoreEssay about Bipolar Disorder: Illness and Treatment693 Words   |  3 Pagesthat mood disorders such as bipolar disorder promote creative thinking and intense emotions. There is popular evidence that suggest that there is relationship between creativity and mental dysfunction. There are a significant number of famous individuals known for their creative capacity that had suffered from mental illness. Is believed that individuals with psychological problems often have the capacity to see and interpret the world in a unique and original manner, in other words they can see whatRead MoreThe Rise in the Number of Girls Suffering from Anorexia Nervosa903 Words   |  4 PagesStatistics are often a bit of a hazard, but when it comes to those concerning an illness characterised by discretion, dishonour and deception, even that is an understatement. Statistics show a 60% rise in the number of young girls admitted to hospital with anorexia in England and disturbingly still rising. The mythology encompassing anorexia is a self-inflicted condition brought on by narcissism. Narcissism is a misinterpretation of what is, in reality, a life threatening disease whose cause remainsRead MoreOnly 5% of women in the United States naturally posses the body type portrayed in the media.( )1100 Words   |  5 Pagesthat can be life threatening for them. This could ultimately lead to eating disorders, depression, and or unnecessary cosmetic surgery. The look of women has changed overtime. Marilyn Monroe used to be praised for her curvy figure in the early 1950s. During the 50s women saw beauty in curves and confidence. Since Monroe was like a trending topic in the 50s woman looked to the way she carried her self and she became a role model to some people. Even during that time the thought of what healthy

Buddhism The Four Noble Truths - 859 Words

Originated in India from Siddhartha Gautama, a religion that encompass a variety of beliefs, spiritual practices, and traditions, Buddhism. Some of the spiritual practice of Buddhism have largely based teachings today across the world. The teachings consisted of â€Å"The Eightfold Paths,† â€Å"The Four Noble Truths† and some other breathings or meditations. The religion has taught their followers to shadow their own journey in order to assist them in their own lightning way. Some of the practice teachings include meditation and breathing exercise, and chant. Buddhism is a religion that has been around for centuries. Religion can be greatly influenced by its surroundings and political ramifications. Most religions start with a founder whose life, struggles and personality attract followers. The leader presents broad ranging principles that set rules for a moral and good life; social norms and guidelines for creating a strong, peaceful and healthy society. (OUR social Norms Buddhism article) In early life, Siddhartha Gautama found his way to being the awakening one through an enlighten experience. As a young child, he lost his mother after â€Å"taking his first breaths† into the world. â€Å"Shortly after, a soothsayer had prophesied that he would be great in either politics or religion, therefore his father went to great lengths to shield his son from anything that can corrupt his soul. After, Siddhartha Gautama became older, he went on a quest to see the world and on that journeyShow MoreRelatedThe Four Noble Truths Of Buddhi sm760 Words   |  4 PagesAlyssa Hayes Professor Wayne Knight 2/27/2017 Hum 10 Tuesday Buddhism The four noble truths The Buddhists strongly believed in the four noble truths which are the foundation of Buddhism. The first noble truth, is the truth of suffering or (dukkha). The Pali word â€Å"dukkha† can be described using the term â€Å"temporary†. Things that are painful and things that are pleasurable are considered dukkha because they are temporary and do not last forever. In relation to human life, Buddhists believe that lifeRead MoreThe Four Noble Truths Of Buddhism1533 Words   |  7 PagesCritically discuss the Four Noble Truths of Buddhism, explaining the reasons or arguments given by Buddhism to support these Truths and discussing at least one objection that could be raised against the first Noble Truth and one objection that could be raised against the second Noble Truth. Buddhism see’s the Four Noble Truths as the Buddha’s way of explaining the truth of the human condition and are described as the essence of His teachings. The Four Noble Truths play an important part in understandingRead MoreThe Four Noble Truths Of Buddhism1642 Words   |  7 PagesMy Enlightenment Ever since I was a sophomore in high school, I have always had a particular interest in Buddhism. I have embraced the similarities that I have found within myself and the Buddhism religion. A few years ago, I was in a dark state of mind after my father had passed away. During my healing process, I felt that I was awakened in which I found my determination to search for my enlightenment. I spent a few weeks searching for what I thought was my path to end my suffering. I needed toRead MoreThe Four Noble Truths Of Buddhism1635 Words   |  7 PagesIn the history of Buddhism, suffering has always remained a key concept as it is the main reason for using Buddhist principles and practices to relieve ourselves from it. The Four Noble Truths of Buddhism inform us of the following principles: suffering exists in life, there is a cause to our suffering, there is an end to our suffering, and following the eightfold path can relieve our suffering. Traditional forms of Buddhism suggest that we c an overcome suffering by attaining Nirvana, or the stateRead MoreThe Four Noble Truths of Buddhism1018 Words   |  4 PagesDiscussion 1: Desire. Please respond to the following: Explain what you think your life would be like if you did not make decisions or act on the basis of your desires. The Four Noble Truths of Buddhism suggest that suffering is caused by desire, and to eliminate suffering, it is essential to eliminate desire. This concept is so simple, and yet so difficult to achieve. From the moment we wake up, desire consumes our thoughts. Desire can inspire us to achieve great things, but desire can alsoRead MoreThe Four Noble Truths Of Buddhism1248 Words   |  5 PagesIn Herman Hesse’s Siddhartha, the four Noble Truths of Buddhism are revealed throughout the journey of Siddhartha. The Four Noble Truths include: Life means suffering, the origin of suffering is attachment, the cessation of suffering is attainable, and the path to the cessation of suffering. Siddhartha discovers that in order to reach enlightenment, one must have experiences and struggle through these Noble Truths firsthand. The first Noble Truth â€Å"Life means suffering† is shown throughout Siddhartha’sRead MoreBuddhism: Happiness and The Four Noble Truths1442 Words   |  6 Pagespermanent. Gautama’s renunciation of an unsatisfying existence is a great model for anyone following the Buddha’s path. Gautama himself tried to find a teacher to help him find peace, however; this proved ineffective (Haught 47). Therefore, followers of Buddhism must find the way to peace themselves. No one can help them in this quest. One has to experience life on their own; following the rules of others will do nothing to bring about one’s own consciousness. For six years, Gautama joined a group of monksRead MoreThe Four Noble Truths of Buddhism Essay791 Words   |  4 PagesThe Four Noble Truths of Buddhism #65279; Dukkha is the first of the four noble truths of Buddhism. The word means suffering, but just to state suffering as the entirety of the first noble truth, is not enough because the expression of dukkha is the first truth that is needed for salvation. Moreover, dukkha is the conclusion of a logical chain of ideas that explains the life and death cycle of mankind. Before a person recognizes the truth of dukkha, he lives in a space of ignoranceRead MoreDiscussion of the Four Noble Truths of Buddhism2489 Words   |  10 PagesQ2. Outline and discuss the four noble truths: is the Buddhist view of existence optimistic or pessimistic? The question of the Buddhist view of existence being optimistic or pessimistic is one which is many have an opinion on. It could be said that the four noble truths provide the views of the Buddha in the way that life is led and more importantly, should be led. Certainly, the end goal is clearly optimistic, the attainment of spiritual enlightenment, or nirvana. However, the Buddhist viewRead MoreBuddhism, The Noble Eightfold Path And The Four Noble Truths1650 Words   |  7 PagesBuddhism was an incredibly intriguing religion to me due to the emphasis placed on the reality that surrounds us, it’s a rational religion based on peace, self-understanding and the ultimate goal of nirvana. Buddhist followers live their life with three main goals; morality, meditation and enlightenment. Ultimately the core teachings of Buddhism are The Noble Eightfold Path and The Four Noble Truths. It is their lives journey to understand, live kindly and find their inner-peace. In a world so full

The Business Case Report â€Free Sample - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the The Business Case Report. Answer: Introduction Business Innovation is a critical organisational process for betterment and improvement that enables introduction of workflows, services or products, new ideas and so on(Hill, 2008). Business innovation allows achievement of goals throughout the entire organisation for achievement of business aims. Innovation is initiated with new idea generation or from a problem that needs to be resolved. Ideas for solving a problem or for purpose of new idea development begins from brainstorming post which business feasibility, desirability and viability for each idea is established. Innovation is a process which renders competitiveness to an organisation by extending their core competency(Chesbrough, 2010). Globalisation has made it compulsory for organisations to innovate and come up with new procedures of doing things. Innovation has been considered a procedure that can help save money as well as time, allowing businesses to adapt to marketplace. Business Organisation Introduction The H.J. Heinz Company is an American Company that processes food with its headquarters in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania. It was founded by Henry John Heinz in the year 1869, Bernardo Hees is the current CEO in the organisation(Heinz, Retrieved on 17th September 2017). The Company employs around 32,500 people and sells products globally. The best aspect of competitiveness of Heinz food products is that it has adapted and caters to local tastes around the world. While the Company manufactures over thousands of food products, it manufacturing units are located across six continents. These manufacturing units cater to over 200 countries worldwide with over 150 brand names. The Company earned a revenue of US$ 15.64 billion and its operating income is around US$ 2.02 billion. Company details can further be obtained in its website www.kraftheinzcompany.com Background of the Problem Heinz has been operating globally with their products in dynamic world environment. Success and competitiveness of the Company is rendered by its ability to cope to changes in the environment which distinguishes it from other companies around the world that processes food products(Sosna, 2010). Heinz produces a variety of products from sauces, to spices, condiments, salad dressings, dips, tomato products, syrups and toppings, tomato juices, soups, entrees and various other products. Its world-class brand portfolio consisting of various products is made to enhance culinary creativity along with variety. In every country and at every point the Company has been exploiting on its strong asset base by achieving excellence in brand building. It has been able to establish core competency around its brand by strengthening its brand identity by creating a strong association with cultural integrity. Variety is the mission statement of the Company which inspires its product with large number of taste band. It currently comprises of the fifth largest brand name in the world. At every country its success is owned by its adjustment to taste buds that it does capably. The Company has integrated a continuous effort for innovation within its culture with continuous research skills(Schaltegger, 2012). Its continuous commitment to provide customers with exiting product quality has provided innovative framework within its scope. Innovating with business processes, cultures, products tastes has been a continuous endeavor within the company. Benefits of Innovation There remains several benefits associated with innovation of a Company which is known to drive its growth. Innovation has been seen associated with creation and maintenance of a brand identity. In order to remain competitive at marketplace and extend core competency, it becomes essential to innovate in a continuous process(Amit, 2012). Innovation is also known to attract customer interests and gain more customer focus. However, three primary benefits of innovation is efficiency, productivity, providing a profit center, increasing business agility, enhancing customer satisfaction, complying with legislations and tax benefits, supporting diversity and so on. While benefits of innovations remain unaccountable, they might incur costs and substantial business risks, which needs to be overcome. In order to evaluate potential benefits for innovation, business leaders and managers has to consider the potential inflows generated from a project innovation(Hecht, 2012). Net Present Value (NPV), which encompasses financial calculations of present value for all future cash flows that will be generated from a project, is considered. Post assessing a positive NPV acceptance or rejection for a project is made. Strategic Plan In order to drive any sort of innovative process there needs to be strategic course of action. A strategic plan is a course of action that guides step by step procedure for arriving at goal or defined objective for the innovation(Gambardella, 2010). Like any other business innovation a strategic plan is initiated by identification of opportunities for innovation. Customer gaps in tastes or price is analysed then post brainstorming ideas are generated for filling up the gap. In order to evaluate any gaps existing an analysis of external and internal environment is conducted. While external analysis is done using PESTLE factors as political, economic, social, technological, legal and environmental analysis. Internal analysis is done using SWOT analysis of strength, weakness, opportunity and threat analysis. In order for evaluating customer demands, an analysis of demographic, psychographic and geographic factors is done(Comes, 2008). Understanding of customer demands and choices will help designing of the product in a better manner with more opportunity. Then opportunity to fill in such gaps are generated which leads to the second step towards innovation. Solution to meet gaps and identify an affordable product is designed, amongst various solutions a particular one is chosen, which is then refined. Once a procedure or products has been decided upon by Heinz then prior to its mass production, there is internal financial analysis that is made(Serrat, 2017). Internal financial assessment utilizing various practices as Net Present Value (NPV) method, Accounting Rate of Return (ARR) method, Payback period needs to be accommodated. A best possible course of action will be selected depending upon needs by the Company. Once an idea is refined and decided upon then it goes towards its implement ation. A finalized solution is implemented by validating its production and distribution on large scale is the final procedure for strategic implementation. Project Option Analysis Business Innovation requires analysing of opportunities and goals prior to its implementation. Prior to final application of any project, there has to be a proper evaluation technique that allows approval for a particular project(Essmann, 2009). Prior to entering any market Heinz Company does an extensive analysis of market prevailing situations and customer demand analysis. Analysing customer taste buds and there product preference is the key factor that drives innovation in the Company. Once a thorough analysis of customers has been undertaken, it does product analysis of various products that are existing in the market, then innovation process starts. With culture at Heinz having a culture of change to develop organisational process, it is readily able to accept ideas. Organisational environment within the Company is more improved that is conducive to any type of change. Every time it employs new customer research techniques, market communication techniques that enable easy and qu icker assessment of the market. All departments throughout the organisation makes contribution towards change processes. Its innovative program has further added to being the catalyst of the culture of change within Heinz. Heinz Fresh ideas folder emphasizes that each individual contributes some ideas for the organisation. Its internal sources are grouped and prioritized with 50 broad zones of interests, which continuously refers to its customers. Subsequently there is an ongoing process that develops further into a full marketing program for implementation of ideas. When Heinz came up with its idea of Barbie Pasta shapes then there was a lot of project evaluation technique. Firstly, feasibility study involved drawing from financial analysis then subsequent efforts to match up to customer expectations was made. Heinz did not limit its Barbie Pasta packaging alone but also made designer packaging with brightly colored holograms that would attract customers. The overall costs benefits arising from the product was immense as it helped create a greater market share for the Company. Human resource department at the Company makes immense contribution to the innovative process, by identification of innovation skills amongst individual and then selecting them for the Company. Recommendation and Conclusion Analysis of all potential reasons for business innovation draws significant parameters for which businesses needs to innovate. As for Heinz, it is a successful food processing company due to its capability to research and bring new products to the market and surprise its customers. It has been capable of continuously evolving in procedures and techniques to innovate and bring changes into their Company such that they can steadily handle the process of innovation. In each and every country it evaluates financial costs for innovation prior to launching or going ahead with any product that it considers feasible. Therefore feasibility study using techniques as Net Present Value (NPV) method, Internal Rate of Return (IRR) method, Payback period method, Accounting Rate of Return (ACC) and so on are considered. These financial models allows diagnosis of significant risks for each and every endeavor be it processes or products prior to initiating its development. Thus, business innovation ca n provide several benefits and advantages to a business if undertaken in an appropriate manner. In accordance to Australian Bureau of Statistics, businesses that innovate are considered to be more productive or generate more jobs as considered to non-innovative businesses. Reference Lists Amit, R. . 2012. Creating value through business model innovation. MIT Sloan Management Review, 41. Chesbrough, H. 2010. Business model innovation: opportunities and barriers. Long range planning, 354-363. Comes, S. . 2008. Business model innovation. From strategy to execution, 65-86. Essmann, H. . 2009. An innovation capability maturity modeldevelopment and initial application. World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, 435-446. Gambardella, A. . 2010. Business-model innovation: General purpose technologies and their implications for industry structure. Long range planning, 262-271. Hecht, A. D. 2012. Creating the future we want. Sustainability: Science, Practice, Policy. Heinz, K. (Retrieved on 17th September 2017). Company Profile. https://ir.kraftheinzcompany.com/overview.cfm. Hill, C. 2008. International business: Competing in the global market place. Strategic Direction. Schaltegger, S. L.-F. 2012. Business cases for sustainability: the role of business model innovation for corporate sustainability. International Journal of Innovation and Sustainable Development, 95-119. Serrat, O. 2017. Business model innovation. In Knowledge Solutions. Springer Singapore, 499-507. Sosna, M. T.-R. 2010. Business model innovation through trial-and-error learning: The Naturhouse case. Long range planning, 383-407.