Nonurgent Use of Hospital Emergency Departments Research Paper

Nonurgent Use of Hospital Emergency Departments - Research Paper Example This book is relevant to the current study because of its discussion of the nature and effects of nonurgent use of EDs. It also includes a comprehensive discussion of the potential solutions to the problems caused by this pattern. It suggests the construction of additional safety net hospitals, community clinics, and other sources of care as a solution to the problem of caused by nonurgent use of EDs. This book is an excellent source of strategies and policies for EDs. (2) Hodge, M. (2007). Non-urgent Emergency Department Utilization in Southwestern Virginia among Medicaid Recipients. Ann Arbor, MI: Proquest. Generally, this book is about the current American healthcare system, focusing specifically on the evolution of the EDs’ functions. The author studied the prevalence of nonurgent use of EDs among beneficiaries of Medicaid in Southwestern Virginia. The author used both qualitative and quantitative methods to study the perceptions of both the patients and the hospital staff regarding utilization of EDs for nonurgent problems. The author reported that there is a high prevalence of nonurgent use of EDs in Southwestern Virginia and that there are considerable disparity between the perception of patients and hospital staffs regarding what is ‘urgent’ and what is ‘nonurgent’. ... (3) Institute of Medicine (U.S.) Committee on the Future of Emergency Care in the United States Health System (2007). Hospital-Based Emergency Care: At the Breaking Point. Washington, DC: National Academies Press. The author focuses on the evolution of the function of hospital-based emergency. It attempts to show, through figures and statistics, the number of ED visits for urgent and nonurgent problems. Through secondary-data analysis the author is able to determine that in recent times visits to the EDs for minor injuries rather than serious health problems dramatically increased. The author argued that although EDs keep on performing their usual tasks of giving urgent medical attention, they are forced to provide additional care for patients with nonurgent health problems. The author clearly illustrates that the responsibilities of EDs are continuously expanding. This book is relevant to the current study because it includes a discussion of the problems caused by the increasing pre valence of nonurgent use of EDs such as overcrowding, limited resources, and limited capacity. The author is able to clearly show that if these problems continue the quality of American healthcare will continue to decline. (4) Jones, R. (2004). Oxford Textbook of Primary Medical Care, Volume 1. New York: Oxford University Press. This book is mainly for general practitioners and primary health providers. The purpose of the author is to provide a conclusive discussion of primary care practice. It involves a discussion of nonurgent use of EDs and the absence of a single definition of the term ‘nonurgent’. The approach used by author is mainly descriptive or exploratory. The author concludes that a significant decrease or total eradication

Urban music and youth gang culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Urban music and youth gang culture - Essay Example Urban music is a prominently used term but the nature of its origin is not clear. Today, it is popularly known as a term used in referring to black music or music of black origin made by artists regardless of nationality or descent. Debates and arguments about the term and its wide scope is an ongoing topic among the music industry, music fans and artists across the countries.Urban music is a genre that is very broad. If you look underneath urban music, there are a number of core elements that include hip-hop, R&B, garage and into that obviously comes soul music. Urban music also includes reggae, rock n roll, blues and jazz but the term is most popularly attached or instantly linked to hip-hop. According to J. Decibel, urban music is a cultural movement among African Americans that began in New York City in the early 1970s but it was in the 1980s that urban music or hip-hop became popular1. In Hip-Hop and Youth Culture, Hip-hop is defined as mostly rhyming, rhythmic spoken word art-f orm known as rapping2. It includes a whole larger culture that involves rap, baggy clothing, break-dancing, graffiti, language and a lifestyle.Urban music or hip-hop in particular has become a common form of communication and enjoyed by young adults and children relatively throughout the world. Unlike in the earlier days, this music genre is no longer limited to plain art of music and dancing. In Hip-Hop and Youth Culture, it was mentioned that urban music has evolved into a multi-billion dollar industry that has greatly manipulated a lot of industries like automotive design, fashion, television programming, collegiate and professional sports, media marketing and advertising3 . Music is essential in youth culture and in that sense urban music's potential to influence is rampant that it has stringed its way into young people's lifestyles particularly because it is a form of recreation that promotes creativity and self expression. Rapping in particular is a way of pronouncing one's pr ide in his/her community that also becomes a form of competition where a rapper can display his skills and support or defend their respective communities. It is unquestionable that adults tend to defer acceptance of this culture in comparison to young adults. Young adults are more inclined in adopting the culture when they are being reprimanded and especially when they know that adults don't understand nor like what they were into. Young black people embrace the culture because they sympathize to the music that is singing their lives. For young people that do not have any connection to the urban community or urban culture, there is still a lot of question as to why hip-hop or urban music fascinates them and this is nothing new especially for middle and upper-middle class young people. One apparent reason could be fascination to what is prohibited. Another could be that hip-hop music is exciting and offers a brutally honest view of life that embodied the prevailing values of society. Hip-hop and rap music started out as an art form to express social awareness and it did gather success in inspiring a certain amount of activism. It did not achieve the attention of the music industry and the music cable television program MTV though until it turned violent and unpredictable. The music industry became interested on the business possibilities that the music genre's hype could bring. Today with the upsurge of the billion dollar industry that this music genre has produced; unsettled prevalent consequences are emerging. One is the youth gang culture that is said to have influences from the "gangsta" life portrayed in violent lyrics and in the lives of some artists themselves. Violent lyrics pertain to offensive language, chauvinism, sexual promiscuity, fear and discrimination of homosexuals, parental and domestic abuse and the "gangsta" pride of refusing authority. As a result, popular culture readily identifies "gangsta" rap, hip-hop and in effect urban music as glorifying violence, rape, murder and drug